It is the southernmost country of the middle east, bordering saudi arabia on the north and oman on the east in the south, its coastline stretches more than 1,000 kilometres along the gulf of aden, extending east to the arabian sea or indian ocean. You can also view the full panandzoom cia world map as a pdf document. The red sea and gulf of aden basins william bosworth a, philippe huchon b,1, ken mcclay c,2 a marathon oil company, p. Yemen has an area of 527,970 square kilometres 203,850 sq mi, including. Pdf this paper describes the updated stratigraphy, structural framework and. Anyone familiar with the geographic outline of western arabia and northeast africa is struck by the apparent jigsaw fit that. A bibliography on yemen prepared by the army geospatial center agc to assist the us government in understanding the geological and. This orogeny is abstract the accretion and breakup of supercontinent participated to some extent to the geology of yemen as would form the dominant control. The geology of socotra island, gulf of aden journal of. A note on the geology of socotra and abdelkuri volume 6 issue 12 j. For best results viewing and printing pdf documents, it is recommended that you download the documents to your computer and open them with adobe reader. Geology of hajjah region is very complex, because they are.
Bibliography of yemens geology, geography and earth science. Arabian plate showing general tectonic and structural features, infracambrian rift salt basins, and oil and gas fields of central arabia and north gulf area usgs. Asir terrane, abbas terrane, al bayda terrane, al mahfid terrane and al mukalla terrane. Yemen is a land of physical contrasts, bounded by mountains, desert and sea. Linkpage citation yemen is located on the southwestern part of the arabian plate. Civil war and regional intervention congressional research service 2 launched a military offensive aimed at restoring hadis rule and evicting houthi fighters from the capital and other major cities. A new prospective article pdf available march 2016 with 3,689 reads.
Most of yemens northern frontier with saudi arabia traverses the great desert of the peninsula, the rub. Pdf documents opened from your browser may not display or print as intended. For more than two millennia prior to the arrival of islam, yemen was the home of a series of powerful and wealthy citystates and empires whose prosperity was largely based upon their control over the production of frankincense and myrrh, two of the most highly prized commodities of the ancient world, and their exclusive access to such nonyemeni luxury. Yemen is a populous, mountainous country at the southern tip of the arabian peninsula. Library of congress federal research division country profile. This volume, the geology of the arabian peninsula, is a logical consequence of the geographic and geologic mapping project of the arabian peninsula, a cooperative venture between the kingdom of saudi arabia and the government of the united states. The gulf of aden coastline is covered by a narrow, rocky, and relatively flat plain, fronted by hills that rise into the rugged mountains, central and west. The oldest basement rocks are amphibolite facies metasediments and metaigneous rocks which have been intruded by synkinematic granites and latekinematic gabbros. There are other natural resources including rock salt, marble, fish, and fertile soil in western part of the country. Yemen is bounded to the south by the gulf of aden and the arabian sea and to the west by the red sea.
The republic of yemen was one of the oldest areas of. The accretion and breakup of supercontinent would form the dominant control on the geographic position and timing of all tectonically intercede activity, and would there by profoundly influenced the tectonostratigraphic record of an area. Along its red sea coast theres a flat sandy plain that extends the length of the country. Two major tectonic periods occurred that formed the tectonic evolution of yemen. Application of remote sensing in geological mapping, case study al maghrabah area hajjah region, yemen f.
It includes the socotra archipelago and various islands in the red sea. He teaches historical geology, hydrology, and mineralogy, as well as graduate courses in hydrogeology and sedimentology. Geology of yemen is related to the regional geology of the arabian peninsula fig1, in which basement complex is a part of the arabian shield within a larger geologic framework of the arabiannubian shield. Gis and remote sensing data for allowing detection of structural features, such as faults, offer opportunities for improving mapping and identifying the areas that are likely to be locations of faulting areas. This is a political map of asia which shows the countries of asia along with capital cities, major cities, islands, oceans, seas, and gulfs. The map is a portion of a larger world map created by the central intelligence agency using robinson projection.
This rift system may be one arm of a late jurassic failed triple rift which also included the masilah basin to the east, and the sir basin to the north. An annotated bibliography of yemens geology, geography and earth. Remote sensing and gis data have become more and more important for the study of geology, structural geology and extract. Discussions on the petroleum geology of yemen including the study area have been reported by haitham and nani 1990. Geological survey, menlo park, california introduction new concepts related to the mobility of the earths crust have focused attention on the red sea area. A tectonostratigraphic framework for yemen and its. Official pdf, 90 pages world bank documents world bank group. Yemen is situated in the southwestern part of the arabian peninsula and both contains onshore and offshore sedimentary basins, all of which developed during discrete time intervals in the. The crystalline rocks have a peneplaned surface which dips gently eastwards beneath the strata of the interior homocline see fig. Yemens petroleum resource base will be a critical part of reconstruction efforts once peace is restored, but this will require highresolution exploration and development in both onshore producing basins and offshore frontier areas in the gulf of aden and the red sea. Remote sensing and geographic information system for fault. Yemen is bordered by the red sea, arabian sea, gulf of aden, saudi arabia to the north, and oman to the east. An area of 170 km by 50 km was mapped at scale of 1.
The geology of the region intrigued the early explorers, as it continues to do today. Yemen has metal resources which include gold, lead, nickel and copper. Yemens oil and water crisis has been a powerful agent of change in yemeni society, affects of which are transforming yemens political, economic and social spheres. A bibliography on yemen prepared by the army geospatial center agc to assist the us government in understanding the geological and hydrological problems of this country, by identifying citations on geography, topography, transportation, water. Hydrocarbon potentialities and reservoir characterization. The westernmost element is the outcrop of the crystalline shield, which flanks the red sea from jordan to the yemen, widening to 400 km in a broad flat dome in westcentral saudi arabia. Yemen is an oddity for the history in a sense is real.
Tectonostratigraphy of yemen and geological evolution. An extensive marine platform developed on the northeastern flank of the shield during paleozoicmesozoic time. The petroleum geology was summarized in csato et al. The geology of yemen includes extremely ancient precambrian igneous and metamorphic. Media in category geology of yemen the following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Late jurassic rifting is shown to be diachronous, younging eastwards. The red sea and gulf of aden basins the university of. Erosion has played a major role in yemen s geologic history and eliminated many rock units over time. Fossil fuels are present of petroleum, as well as small deposits of coal. They had to overcome considerable political and physical. Pdf the midyan region provides a unique opportunity in which to examine exposures of the upper cretaceous and neogene sedimentary succession.
They include numerous citations from agriculture, botany, engineering, geology, geography, medical, military science, soils, transportation and other subject resources. The arabian shield became welded onto the african shield by a plate collision in late precambrian time. Geology of hajjah region is very complex, because they are exposed to several geological events, the area study is a part of the arabiannubian shield, which is part of the east african orogen formed by plate tectonic accretionary events during the closure of mozambique ocean and subsequent collision of east. This bibliography on the geology, geography and earth sciences of yemen was gathered from a variety of different abstracting, bibliographical and cartographical resources. Basement rocks crop out in three main uplift areas.
It is situated at the entrance to the babelmandeb strait, which links the red sea to the indian ocean via the gulf of aden and is one of the most active and strategic shipping lanes in the world. Landsat etm7 satellite data images were used and band5 was found as the most suitable band for lineament delineation, based on the ability to identify geological features. There are dust storms and sandstorms in yemen, during the. Middle eastthe geological background quarterly journal. An annotated bibliography of yemens geology, geography and earth science. Structural geology of south hadhramaut area yemen republic. Amanda briney is a professional geographer, writer, and scholar with three university degrees and an advanced certificate in gis. Yemen is far from the only country in the region currently experiencing or expected to encounter political, social and economic turmoil as a result of acute water and oil scarcity. Geology of the arabian peninsula sedimentary geology of saudi arabia by r. Madbi amran qishn total petroleum system of the ma. Petroleum systems of the tethyan region, 2014 pages 757780 chapter 20. The first events took place in the late jurassic early cretaceous, when three rift basins.
The yemen flag has three equal horizontal bands of red top, white, and black. Extensional tectonics and salt structures, maribshabwa. Available formats pdf please select a format to send. The northern margin of the gulf of aden has a long history of extension from the cambrian to the present. Part or all of this report is presented in portable document format pdf. The basement rocks of yemen is considered a part of the arabian shield which can be divided into five terranes. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf tectonostratigraphy of yemen and geological evolution. The dominant structures are related to oligomiocene rifting in the early stages of development of the gulf of aden and they overprint palaeozoic and mesozoic structures. Redfern and jones 1995 studied in detail the evaluation of the stratigraphy and basin structure of the interior rift basins of yemen. At the heart of the south, like a deep gash across the land, is the hadhramaut valley.
The geology of yemen includes extremely ancient precambrian igneous and metamorphic crystalline basement rocks overlain by sediments from the paleozoic, mesozoic and cenozoic, deposited in shallow seas and lakebeds, overlain by thick volcanic rocks and loess. An annotated bibliography of yemens geology, geography and earth science 2012, by robert lee hadden pdf at dtic. Yemen is located in southwest asia, at the southern tip of the arabian peninsula, between oman and saudi arabia. Yemen is located on the southwestern part of the arabian plate. The late jurassic marib al jawf basin is part of a rift system extending southeastwards into the less well known wadi hajar basin. Pierre et marie curie, paris, france c geology department, royal holloway, university of london, egham, surrey, uk received 15 july 2004. Written by one of koreas most respected earth scientists, geology and sedimentology of the korean peninsula analyzes sedimentary facies, basin evolution, and sequence stratigraphy to provide answers to depositional processes and environmental changes through the earths history, including tectonic events, climate changes, and sealevel fluctuations. Yemen has some of the most fertile lands in the entire middle east, and yet, for the most part, theyre not developed to their full potential. By the sixteenth century and again in the nineteenth century, northern yemen was controlled in the cities by the ottoman empire and in tribal areas by the zaydi imams suzerainty.